Biology new curriculum scenario item practical question and answer

Biology new curriculum scenario item practical question and answers.

LSC-BIOLOGY SOLVED SCENARIO ITEM
School administrators have a challenge of poor garbage disposal and management. As a result of this, houseflies are often seen flying onto students’ food during break and lunch, and currently, there’s a serious outbreak of diarrhea. The specimen Labeled X collected by your Teacher and provided to you is associated with this diarrhea outbreak.
TASK:
As a biology student help the school administrators to identify the specimen X and understand the relationship of the outbreak with the specimen and how the outbreak can be controlled.

SOLUTION
Specimen Identity: Housefly /Insect:
Classification (at least up to order level)

Kingdom: Animalia :
Reasons:
Possession of Mouth for feeding
Possession of Limbs for locomotion
Possession of sensory organs like compound eyes and pair of antennae

Phylum: Arthropoda :
Reasons:
Has jointed limbs/appendages
Has Exo skeleton
Has segmented body (May ignore the reasons)

Class: Insecta:
Reasons:
Possession of three pairs of legs/six legs
Possession of a pair of antennae
Possession of three main body parts
Possession of three thoracic segments(ptothorax, mesothorax and mrtathorax)

Order: Diptera:
Reasons:
Possession of a pair of bristle antennae
Possession of a pair of wings
Possession of compound eyes

Ecology and mode of life
Habitat: Terrestrial mainly in filthy places like toilets, dustbins, heaps of rotting organic matter, pit latrines.
Adaptations to the habitat

1. Has a segmented body for increased flexibility during locomotion :
2. Has a pair of hairy antennae for increased sensitivity:
3. Has a pair of large oval-shaped compound eyes for a wide of field of view:
4. Has a pair of hairy maxillary palps for tasting food

Habits:

1. Feeding: Feeds on liquid substances/food by means of sucking proboscis by action of pumping organ in the head.: Hb1
2. Locomotion: Locomotes by flight/flying using a pair of wings and walks using 3pairs of jointed limbs :
   3.Diet: Fluids.:
   Reason: Has spongy proboscis expanded at the tip for sucking fluids:
   Is a vector; This is because it transmits/spreads germs/pathogens:
   Adaptations/Adaptability as a vector
   1. Has a hairy body for attachment of germs. :
   2. Has a pair of wings for quick locomotion by flight to spread germs:
   3. Has expanded proboscis tip to increase surface area for absorption of germs into saliva :
   Symptoms and signs of diarrhea
3. Frequent passage of watery stools: abdominal cramps/pam/discomfort, bloating/swelling of abdomen due to gas accumulation:1s
4. Nausea and vomiting, thirst, dry mouth, dark yellow urine and reduced urine output; fever; fatigue; loss of appetite; weight loss; flatulence:1s
   A drawing Showing the Hind limb of a Housefly

Control measures/Recommendations

1. Spraying the houseflies with insecticides; 1Cm
2. Covering holes of pit latrines/toilets to prevent houseflies from picking germs from the pit latrines/toilets. ;
3. Covering all the food to prevent houseflies from walking on it. ;
4. Boiling drinking water and milk to kill the germs. ;
5. Food eaten in raw form like fruits should be washed first to remove the germs. ;
6. Proper disposal of wastes so that houseflies do not reach them by covering them in dust bins. ;
7. Washing hands with clean running water and soap after visiting the latrine and before eating food;