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What is an acid ? All acids produce hydrogen ions, H+, in aqueous solution. Therefore, an acid is described as a substance which produces hydrogen ions, H+, when dissolved in water.
Many naturally occurring acids, such as citric acid are found in oranges and are sometimes known as organic acids. There are other acids called mineral acids Most of these are man-made, e.g., nitric acid and sulphuric acid.
All acids contain hydrogen but not all compounds that contain hydrogen are acids For example, both ammonia (NH3) and methane (CH4) contain hydrogen, bir they are not acids because they do not produce hydrogen ions in water. It is the hydrogen ions produced that are responsible for the properties of acids.
What are the properties of acids?
You will work in groups to find out the properties of acids.
| Activity 1*4; Finding out the properties of acids |
In this activity, you will work in pairs to research on properties of acids using; internet search or library. You can use the following areas to research:
- taste • electrical conductivity
- litmus paper • reaction with metals
• . reaction with carbonates
• reaction with metal oxides and hydroxides
Then report your finding to the rest of the class.
Exploring the uses of some acids
Inthis activity, you will work in pairs to find out the uses of some acids and resent your answers in the flow chart shown in Figure 1. 5.
Figure 1.5. Showing uses of some acids
Exercise 1.1
- What is an acid?
- Name at least five examples of acids.
- How would you test a substance to see if it is an acid?
- What colour is a universal indicator in an aqueous solution of sugar? Why?
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