SKELETAL AND MUSCULAR SYSTEM What is a skeleton

Qn. What is a skeleton?

A skeleton is the structure that supports the body of an animal.
Qn. Mention the types of skeleton.
Endo skeleton
Exo skeleton
Hydrostatic skeleton
OEnd skeleton
Qn. What is an endo skeleton?
An endo skeleton is a type of skeleton found inside the body of an animal.
Qn. Give examples of animals that have an endo skeleton.
Human beings / people
Cows
Dogs
Cats
Goats
Lions
Elephants
Tiger

Exo skeleton
Qn. What is an exo skeleton?

An exo skeleton is a type of skeleton found outside the body of an animal.
Qn. Give examples of animals with an exo skeleton
Insects e.g. mosquitoes, houseflies.
Arachnids e.g. spider, scorpion.
Myriapods e.g. centipedes, millipedes.
Crustaceans e.g. crab , lobster
Qn. How do animals with an exo skeleton increase in size or grow?
By moulting or ecdysis
Qn. What is moulting?
Moulting is the periodic loss of cuticles from arthropods.
Hydrostatic skeleton
Qn. What is a hydrostatic skeleton?
A hydrostatic skeleton is a type of skeleton where the body of an animal is filled with fluids under pressure

Qn. Identify examples of animals with a hydrostatic skeleton.

Snails
Slugs
Worms
Star fish
Jelly fish
Caterpillars
Sea urchins.
Qn. State the functions of the skeleton.
The skeleton gives the body shape.
The skeleton helps in body movement.
The skeleton protects the delicate body parts.
The skeleton provides support to the body.
The skeleton helps in manufacture of blood cells.
The skeleton provides room for muscle attachment.
Qn. Name the delicate body organs protected by the following parts of the skeleton.
a) skull
Brain
Tongue
Eyes
Middle and inner ear.
b) Back bone / spine / vertebral column
Spinal cord
c) Rib cage / Ribs
Heart

Lungs
d) Pelvis / Hip girdle

Reproductive organs
e) Eye Socket / Orbit
Eyes
Human skeleton
Qn. What is a human skeleton?
A human skeleton is a frame work of bones in the body.
Note:
An adult has 206 bones.
A baby has 300 – 305 bones
Qn. Why are babies said to have more bones than adults?
Babies are born with many cartilages which later join to form bones.
Ossification
Qn. What is ossification?
Ossification is the process by which cartilages turn into bones